Solid shapes are three-dimensional shapes that have length, breadth and height as the three dimensions.

These solid shapes occupy space and are found in our day-to-day life. We touch, feel and use them. For example: laptop, cellphone, balls, etc.

Cube

Cuboid

Cone

Cylinder

Sphere

Triangular Prism

Rectangular Pyramid

A cube has 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices (plural of vertex).

edge

vertex

This is a cube.

Properties of Cube:
1.	All the six faces of a cube are of the same size squares.	3.	The opposite edges are parallel to each other.
2.	The angles formed at the vertices of a cube are right angles.	4.	The adjacent edges are perpendicular to each other.

A cuboid also has 6 faces, 12 edges and 8 vertices.

face

edge

vertex

The opposite faces of a cuboid are equal in size and shape.

Properties of Cuboid:
1.	All the faces of a cuboid are rectangle in shape.
2.	The angles formed at the vertices are right angles.
3.	The opposite edges are parallel to each other.
4.	The adjacent edges are perpendicular to each other.

A cone has 2 faces (1 flat, 1 curved), 1 edge and 1 vertex.

flat face

curved face

In cream cone is an example of a cone.

A cylinder has 3 faces (2 flat, 1 curved), 2 edges and 0 vertex.

flat face

curved face

edge

A sphere has only 1 curved surface.

It has 5 faces (2 triangular and 3 rectangular), 9 edges and 6 vertices.

	A rectangular pyramid has 5 faces, 5 vertices and 8 edges.
	It has rectangular base and four triangle shaped faces meeting at a point called the *Apex*.

☜✔

Take a carboard box (the one you get at a cake shop). Open the edges to lay the box flat. What you get is a net for the box.

A net is a skeleton outline in two dimensional (2-D), which, when folded gives a three dimensional (3-D) shape.

We can make a box by folding the net
for a box.

On folding this net with all boxes as equal squares, we get a cube.

Cylinder:
111Cone:	cut along here
Pyramid:	A pyramid has a square base and triangles on four sides, all meeting at a point called the *vertex*.
	Flat view skeleton Top view Front view

☜✔

Step 1:	Draw identical rectangular bases.
Step 2:	Connect corresponding vertices.
Step 3:	Changes any hidden lines to dashed lines.

Step 1:	Draw identical rectangular bases.
Step 2:	Connect corresponding vertices.
Step 3:	Changes any hidden lines to dashed lines.
Similarly, we can draw other solids.

Identify top, front and side views of the following figure:

Solution

Top view is
Side view is
Front view is

Objective: Solids and Nets